Analysis Of The California Reentry Institute ( Cri )

I had the honor to have a face to face interview with Collette Carroll. Collette is part of a team of the California Reentry Institute (CRI) which is a pre and post releases program those offenders within the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation which is located in San Quentin State Prison. The California reentry program was developed in 2008; the Department of Correction realized offenders being released from prison should have the opportunity to attend a pre and post release program. The reentry program is a volunteer program to the offenders. The pre-release program is an 18-24 month weekly program ran by an experienced team with strong curriculum which is designed to provide insight, life skill, education and a comprehensive individual case management. The post release is provided once the offender has graduated from prerelease program and the offender is released from prison. The post release program the offender receives assistance with basic needs such as tr ansportation, clothing amenities, food, financial resources, documentation (ID), health care, life skills addiction and recovers aftercare and continued individual case management. The California reentry program held is first graduation ceremony on January 17, 2014 after 27 months of programs and individual case management. In May of 2015 CRI started the new two year class which consist of more offenders due to more offenders are qualifying for the reentry program. Collette stated her career

Use Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Treatment Of Ana

In this paper, I will discuss the case study of â€Å"Ana†. Ana is 24 years old, has lost her job, and worries about becoming homeless. She currently is a single parent due to her husband being deployed in a combat zone overseas for the next eight months. Ana is a first generation immigrant from Guatemala; she comes from a large family. She claims to have a close relationship with her family but has not seen her family for about a year. Her father is a banker and her mother an educator, her three siblings all has graduated college and have professional careers. Ana has completed one year of college, but needed to leave school after her son was born, finding it difficult to manage being a parent, student and a full-time employee as well. While†¦show more content†¦Why did you choose this theory over the others? CBT was not directly a choice of possible theories. CBT is a more in-depth view of the broader theories of Cognitive therapy. While being a bit of a twist on words, CBT is often includes and studied as part of Cognitive therapy and Reality Theory. Because so many studies often overlap and show its effectiveness, it is believed that though CBT is a standalone therapy, there is a broader scope that includes Cognitive and Reality therapies as part of CBT. â€Å"CBT can substantially reduce the symptoms of many emotional disorders – clinical trials have shown this. In the short term, it’s just as good as drug therapies at treating depression and anxiety disorders. And the benefits may last longer.† (Martin 2013) What will be the goals of counseling and what intervention strategies are used to accomplish those goals? CBT is designed to help the client better understand what is going on. We function by what Beck described as Automatic Thoughts. â€Å"He invented the term automatic thoughts to describe emotion-filled thoughts that might pop up in the mind. Beck found that people weren’t always fully aware of such thoughts, but could learn to identify and report them.† (Martin 2013) While CBT can help in many different ways, a client’s thought process is perhaps its most important focus. With Ana feeling as stressed as she is about her husband being deployed, her lack of speaking with her family for the past year and her fearsShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Rational Emotive Behavior Essay1096 Words   |  5 Pagesthe case study. The theory will help the counselor to determine which treatment will fit best for the case study. The theory that will be used in this case study is Rational Emotive Behavior. The theory will help with depression and anxiety. Client will be able to have rational belief in their daily life. The concept of the theory that makes it the most appropriate for the client in the case study is Rational Emotive Behavioral. 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Psycho Dynamic Theories Free Essays

Psychodynamic Theory: â€Å"Fathers Influence on Children’s Development† Jeff Santiago California State University, Fresno Human Behavior in the Social Environment: A Multi-Systems Approach Social Work 212 Dr. Kris Clarke October 15, 2012 Psychodynamic Theory: â€Å"Fathers Influence on Children’s Development† Psychodynamic Theory Understanding the significance of the father’s role and their influences on children’s development has been at the forefront of empirical research over the last ten years. Numerous studies have enriched empirical literature regarding the father’s influence on children’s development. We will write a custom essay sample on Psycho Dynamic Theories or any similar topic only for you Order Now Theorists have reestablished the conceptual framework in outlining the significance to elicit father’s influence on children’s development (Zacker, 1978). In this paper I will examine the Psychodynamic theory and show the relevance, and applicability to Father’s role in child development. (Kriston, Holzel, Harter, 2009) indicated that long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (LTPP) is more effective than shorter forms of psychotherapy. Therefore, conceptualizing the framework of the psychodynamic theory and the impact it has on the father’s role on child development is critical in understanding its relevance. The review of theory is followed by discussion and the direct correlation to father’s role on child development. Historically, there has been limited empirical research on psychodynamic theory. Psychodynamic outcome research is underrepresented in the empirical literature and much of psychodynamic research is process-oriented rather than outcome-oriented (Brandell, 2005). The psychodynamic theory can be challenging to conceptualize, due to its dual implications. (Brandell, 2005) states that psychodynamic models are complex to evaluate, in part because they are concerned with meaning as well as behavior change, and consequently psychodynamic practice has become less well understood and less often practiced. However, understanding psychodynamic theory and how the inner energies are what motivate, dominate, and control people’s behavior, re based in past experience and present reality. According to (Berzoff, Flanagan, Hertz, 2002) clinical knowledge grounded in psychodynamic theory is one of the most powerful ways we have in looking inside someone’s heart and mind, and without it, we are almost blind, limited to the surface. Understanding the internal psychological factors, and how they are interwoven with external factors such as culture, gender, race, class, and biology help us understand the intricate complexities of an individual. From this perspective, we study how the outside develops a person psychologically, and in turn, how the inner world shapes a person’s outer reality. Internal life is intellectualized within biological and social contexts. What is inside and outside an individual comes to be metabolized as psychological strengths and disturbances (Berzoff et al. , 2002). Through the lenses of psychodynamic theory, it accounts for the forces of love or hate, sexuality, and aggression, which express themselves differently in each individual, and ultimately shape how each individual functions and develops. According to (Berzoff et al. , 2002) Freud viewed humans as inhuman in their nature, fueled by forces, fantasies, longings, and passions beyond their control. Many psychological issues develop when forces in the mind oppose drives. Mental activity derives from the id, the ego, and superego, each having unique functions. Although despite having these unique functions, they frequently conflict with one another (Berzoff et al. , 2002). So, psychodynamic theory involves interactions between different parts of the mind, between childhood, and adult events. Moreover, psychodynamic theory examines deep underlying issues involving the unconscious elements in interactions between individuals, where emotion is a primary focus. According to (Jarvis, 2004) psychodynamic theory emphasizes particular childhood events, ranging from sexual abuse to successful formation of an infant-primary care attachment. The significance of early relationships of our social-emotional development is profoundly affected by the quality of relationships we experience. Psychodynamic and Father’s Role on Child Development The psychodynamic theory reinforces the direct correlation to the father’s role on child development. In Freudian theory, the father is seen with particular importance related to child development (Jarvis, 2004). The psychodynamic approach assumes we are influenced in some way by mental processes by which we are not normally aware. Furthermore, there exists continuity between childhood and adult experience. According to (Jarvis, 2004, p. ) many characteristics of the adult personality, both normal and abnormal, can be traced to childhood experience. Consequently, the historical framework of the psychodynamic theory clearly identifies the importance of early relationships, especially father’s role on child development. There is an importance of early relationships, and the psychological significance of subjective experience and unconscious mental processes (Jarvis, 2004). The psychodynamic theory reiterates that children benefit from male contributions to children’s early experiences. The relevance from the psychodynamic theory, significantly impacts the direct correlation of father’s role in child development. Father’s have significant influences on adjustment, and become increasingly important as offspring move into adulthood. (Jarvis, 2004) states several contributors illustrate historical, cultural, and family ideologies inform the roles fathers play, and undoubtedly shape the absolute amounts of time fathers spend with their children, the activities they share with them, and perhaps even the quality of relationships between fathers and children. The framework of the psychodynamic theory reinforces that fathers frequently play a number of roles that include: companions, care providers, spouses, protectors, models, moral guides, teachers, and breadwinners. According to (Brandell, 2005) children with highly involved fathers were characterized by increased cognitive competence, increased empathy, fewer sex-stereotyped beliefs, and a more internal locus of control. One can speculate the benefits obtained by children with highly involved fathers. Furthermore, the empirical literature review reinforces the impact of father’s role upon child development from the psychodynamic theory. Sensitive fathering that includes: responding, talking, supporting, teaching, and encouraging their children to learn, predicts children’s socio-emotional, cognitive, and linguistic achievements (Jarvis, 2004). By outlining how the id, ego, and superego have independent functions, yet in spite of the functions, have repeated conflict with one another impacted by the father’s influence upon child development. As mentioned earlier, the psychodynamic theory reinforces profound significance of early childhood relationships. References Ashford, J. B. , LeCroy, C. W. (2010). Human Behavior in the Social Environment A Multidimensional Perspective (4th ed. ). Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning: Author. Berzoff, J. , Flanagan, L. M. , Hertz, P. (2002). Inside Out and Outside In. Retrieved from GOOGLE ebookstore Brandell, J. R. (2005). Psychodynamic Social Work. Columbia University Press: Columbia University. Grainger, S. (2004). Family Background and Female Sexual Behavior. Human Nature, 15(2), 133-145. Jarvis, M. (2004). Psychodynamic Psychology: Classic Theory and Contemporary Research. Retrieved from GOOGLE ebookstore Kriston, L. , Holzel, L. , Harter, M. (2009, March 4). Analyzing Effectiveness of Long-term Psychodynamic Psyotherapy. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 301(9), 930-933. http://dx. doi. org/10. 100/jama. 2009. 178 Zacker, J. (1978). Parents as Change Agents: A Psychodynamic Model. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 32:4, 572-582. Retrieved from How to cite Psycho Dynamic Theories, Essay examples

Benefit of ERP System Implementation - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about theBenefit of ERP System Implementation. Answer: Introduction ERPs systems were once considered as the expensive systems that were used by the worlds big organizations that have huge IT budget however the trend is changing very fast. Now, the ERPs systems have become relatively cheap due to the advent of cloud computing, modularization where organizations does not has to buy the complete ERP systems infrastructure but they can use the platform and database by various cloud providers. Also, this is the era of digitalization, globalization and massive competition (Bernaert Poels, 2014). Due to massive competition, organizations are struggling to cut their costs and improve the bottom-line. ERP systems are known to optimize and streamline the complete business processes of the organization and thus reduce costs. Also, due to globalization, the operations of the companies has become complex, suppliers and customers are located across the world, lead time of material has become very high and thus efficient IT systems are become indispensable for mo st of the organizations because traditional approach of maintaining data in silos is highly inefficient when the scale of operations are vast and huge (Powell Riezebos, 2013). SAP and Oracle are the leaders in ERP products and there are many other vendors also. Once the company purchases ERP, it is not like that automatically their IT costs will come down; efficient ERP implementation is also needed. This is the reason that there are numerous companies that are reaping benefits of same ERP while there are also no dearths of companies that have failed with the EPR implementation and incurred the huge costs. GE, Emerson Electric, Schneider Electric, Philips have very good results after implementing ERP (Sar, Garg, 2012). On the other hand, there are case studies like Big brands Nike, FoxMeyer drug, Waste management that suffered huge losses after implementing ERP (Soh, Sia, 2004). This raises important questions that there must be something that differentiates the successful implem entation from the poor implementation. The purpose of this report is to looks at the various factors that contribute to the realization of benefits by the organizations and help them to reap the greater benefits of ERP implementation. This process will review the various literatures that are available and critically deep dive into them to understand what is it that is needed to achieve greater benefits. Also, this report will also study the case of one medium scale company in Ethiopia called Mesfine Industrial Engineering (MIE) Pvt. Ltd. that have implemented their ERP systems successfully and the case of another ERP implementation by French Multinational whose implementation for Chinese subsidiaries was on the verge of failure. These cases will bring out the contrasts between the activities and provide the deeper analysis why one company is having good experience and another bad experience with the same ERP product. It is expected that this report would help to understand and analyze the various intricacies involved in the implementation process of ERP. Analysis ERP selection is just one step of the entire process. Once the ERP is selected, there are numerous other important steps like selection of appropriate consulting partner like Accenture, Deloitte consulting, carving out of business processes, restricting the number of customizations, effective testing strategy, effective training strategy, appropriate Go-live strategy, like Phase wise or big bang, managing users resistance for new technology, change management and so on. All these factors have the potential of making or breaking the overall value and benefits that will be realized after ERP implementation. Some of the critical factors are as follows: Selection of ERP implementation partner There are numerous consulting companies that will help the organization to implement the ERP. Basically, these consulting companies have complete knowledge of the ERP product and if any of the process of organization is not supported by the ERP, these consulting companies assist the company in finding workaround like change in business process or designing customization. It is very important that organization should choose the correct ERP partner and must considered its past credentials also and cost should not be the sole criteria because the benefits of successful implementation will far outweigh the cost at this point (Aldammas, Al-Mudimigh, 2011). Also, good ERP consultants will definitely optimize the business processes and also ensure that this transformative journey of enterprise to ERP systems should be turbulence free. There are companies like Accenture, Cognizant business solution, Capgemini, Ernst Young, Deloitte that are very good credentials in implementing the ERP. In the case study also, MIE consider many things like success/failure ratio of vendor, history, financial situations, and experience in similar type of Industry and quality of consultants and finalized Syscorp. This was the first building block of successful implementation. Localized requirements With Globalization, organizations are working across borders and each country has their own policies, rules and compliances that each organization operating in that country has to abide by. These local policies and requirements are known as localized requirements. ERP systems are standard systems that do not cater to the local requirements and hence there can be the possibilities that ERP systems are not fulfilling the entire requirement of a particular geography (Chung, Ahmad, Tand, 2015). In such cases, workarounds should be dealt with in an effective manner. While implementing ERP for china business unit, French multinational faced the same challenge. For example, after the ERP implementation, it was found that there are 64 workarounds and deviations. Though some of them are harmless, some are critical and can affect the accuracy of the data and the companys overall financial health. Chinese subsidiary is using another Chinese tax system and that information is completely missing from the ERP systems. Due to limited functionality of ERP, there was no other processes however it was decided by the management all the spreadsheet should be uploaded into ERP systems to ensure that data should also be part of ERP systems (Su Yang, 2010). In some cases, it was also found that users are manipulating systems to keep them in good books of management and not feeding the actual data to ERP. In some cases, they are just using ERP for the sake of doing it and in parallel using Microsoft excel to keep the track (Vieru, 2015). Thus, once these mismatches and localized requirements were identified, it is very important to resolve them using proper methodology either by defining formal process so that it become business process or by customization. Clear Bifurcation of Project in project phases and entry and exit criteria of each phase ERP implementation projects are very big projects and thus it is very important to split them into various phases with the goals and deliverables of each phase (Conteh, Akhtar, 2015). Unless this is not, implementation will not be successful. MIE divide the ERP implementation project into seven phases and each phase is having the start date and end date. Besides, each phase has clear cut goals and objectives, entry and exit criteria and designed so that the overall transformation journey will be turbulence free and no one will feel a sudden change. Doing various phases, testing and user training were also included so that users also get used to new system and their resistance levels should come down during actual go live and their acceptance level should increase (Cereola Wier, 2012). Minimizing Customizations ERPs products come loaded with standard business processes however each business is different and may have different requirement which is not directly supported by the standard ERP systems. In such cases, either customization has to be build or change in business process should be advised. While business users will prefer to have customization because they are in their comfort zone of following the traditional business processes and resist any change but there are huge downsides of customizations. Customizations are quite expensive and require extra maintenance (Beatty, williams, 2006). Also, during upgrade of ERP systems, customizations may get lost and thus needs to be build again which increases the cost for the organizations. It is the role of business consultants to educate the business users about the downside of customization and advice customization only when it is absolutely necessary or change in business process seems impossible (Dittrich, Vaucouleur, Giff, 2009). Also, if the particular business process is the core competency of the organization and separating itself from competitors, such processes should also be preserved using customization. However, it must be ensured that total number of customization should not exceed for more than 15% of the business processes else the ERP systems have risk of becoming unstable and become quite expensive to maintain and require continuous IT support (Light, 2001). Take example of French multinational, many of the business processes were not directly supported by SAP ERP systems and hence the organization has identified a workaround for them. These workarounds must be judged by the process owners or subject matter experts who are having the visibility of the processes around the globe and know the impact of these workarounds. Testing strategy ERP systems have multiple modules like BOM (Bills of Material), Inventory, Purchasing, Order Management, Project, Account Payables and General Ledger and many more. Each module has various options and each module has to be configured before it is actually used. For example, in purchasing, suppliers, items, currency exchange has to be defined. Thus, It is very important that business users test the data before the production so that they may not face surprises during go live (Kumar Bala, 2013). Also, during the design phase, users and business team share their requirements and then system is configured according to their requirements. There can be issues of poor communication; difference in understanding of partner and user and thus it is possible that the actual process, which is configured in the system, is not what is required by the user. To ensure the minimal occurrences of such systems, it is very important that users should thoroughly test the system and asks partner team to m odify or reconfigure the system if the business requirements are not met (Kumar, Maheswari, kumar, 2003). Through multiple rounds of testing, team can ensure that their requirements are rightly designed and configured. Also, once users successfully tested the requirements, they should sign off and give their approval otherwise users can come back anytime saying their requirements is not fulfilled. Training strategy Training is very important in any project, as it will equip the people to use the new system confidently. Organization must understand the task of each end user and must ensure that every person is trained on new ERP systems. It is because end users often shows resistance for the changes because they feel that what will happen if they would not be able to learn new system (McAlary, 1999). Thus, it is very important to educate them and once they started feeling comfortable with the new system, their resistance will come down and acceptance level will rise. MIE also has a dedicated project phase called end user training in which all the users will be trained on the new system so that they will be no issues after Go live. There is a very famous example of Nike which faces a massive loss of 1 billion US dollars after the GO live of their ERP systems (Wong, Scarbrough, Chau, Davison, 2005). As a result of this, New ERP systems were rolled back and the legacy systems were restored. The re ason for this failure is that Nike was too aggressive for the go live that it didnt focus on the user trainings phase and when the system went live, end users do not know how to use the new system and other simple tasks like how to create purchase orders or book customer orders and so on. Go live strategy and Timing There can be multiple go live strategies like big bang approach, rollout by business unit, rollout by module or business process. Each approach has its own pros and cons. For example, In Big bang approach, all the business units worldwide will go live together and thus there is increased risk however return on investment is also quick. If there are not much changes in various business processes across geographies and business unit, then this approach can be suggested however it is quite a risky approach (Davis, 2005). In rollout by business unit, each business unit is go love successively and thus the weak points of 1 go live can be countered in another go live and so on. This is risk free but takes much time and cost. Apart from strategy, timing is also important. Take example of Hershey that receives maximum number of orders during the month of July and August for Christmas (Murray, Coffin, 2001). It decided to go live during the same time and this peak demand is not handled by al l the users across geographies because they were not trained to use systems quickly and efficiently. And hence Hershey decided to roll back its new systems. Thus, it is recommended that organizations should go live during the low season period. MIE has 2 phases Go live preparation and Go live and carefully planned all the key activities data migration, data reconciliation, live database initialization and so on. Overall, MIE had very smooth and successful go live and in just 10 days, complete transition has taken place. Effective Change Management strategy Change management is also very important and higher management and middle management should be totally committed else project will be a failure (Aslam, Coombs, Doherty, 2012). MIE considered all sorts of cultural problems and also devised a strategy to address the challenges. It has a separate change management committee and change management agent throughout the program. Change management committee had carve out the entire training plan for the users to limit the resistances and also restructure the organizations like breaking the traditional segregation of departments so as to unite the whole company and eliminate the working in silos structure. In case of French multination project in China, there was limited employee involvement and people do not consider themselves as part of this project due to poor communication (Mekawie Elragal, 2013). They had a feeling that this implementation is part of agenda of top management and it has nothing to do with them. Thus, unless management should change the attitude of the people, People will not cooperate and the project will be heading towards failure. Maintaining risk register MIE management has identified all the risks associated with the project and their likelihood of occurring and based on the impact of the risk, appropriate action is suggested. Not only this, based on various risks, Characteristics analysis method (CAM) is carried out by the management to suggest what are areas that have high exposure to risks and where project team should focus on. As part of this, project team is advised to focus on quality management, cost management, communication, scope, Integration and so on. Thus, Project team was prepared in advance in dealing with risks and this strategy has kind of empowered the project team. Conclusion With the above discussion it can be said that two people with same symptoms can consume the same medicine however the result of same medicine will be different on different medicine due to multiple other factors like lifestyle of individual, food habits and so on. Same is the case with ERP systems. Companies can decide to use the same ERP product however the value and benefits realized by each company is different due to lot of other factors. To conclude, this report discusses about the key factors that differentiate the return on investment in ERP projects by various companies and also lead to success or failure of ERP implementation project. Two case studies are also used to elaborate and analyze the case. Not only this, some of the things that may look unimportant have very important part in the overall value realization from EPR implementation process and must be dealt carefully. It is important that the organizations should learn from the successful implementation of the ERP. Th ere is a lot of learn from the failed cases also. The learning from the failed case would help the organizations to have certain measures of check in place. It is expected that the findings of this report would help the organizations to avoid the ERP failures that can happen. At the same time, it is suggested that the organizations must analyze their internal and external environment before making any decision towards ERP implementation. It is important to mention that every organization is unique in itself and the IT needs of every organization is different. Therefore, it is important that the organizations should have customized strategies to implement the ERP in their environment. This would ensure that the chances of failures are minimal and would ensure that organizations are able to get early benefits from ERP implementation. Reference Aldammas, A., and Al-Mudimigh, A. S. (2011). CRITICAL SUCCESS AND FAILURE FACTORS OF ERP IMPLEMENTATIONS: TWO CASES FROM KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.Journal of Theoretical Applied Information Technology,28(2). Aslam, U., Coombs, C., and Doherty, N. (2012). Benefits realization from ERP systems: the role of customization.BENEFITS,5, 15-2012. Bala, M., Kumar, D., Rajan, P. (2013). Connecting the dots: Enterprise resource management with supply chain management.Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management,3(2), 76-83. Beatty, R. C., and Williams, C. D. (2006). ERP II: best practices for successfully implementing an ERP upgrade.Communications of the ACM,49(3), 105-109. Boltena, A.S. and Gomez, J.M., 2012. A successful ERP implementation in an Ethiopian company: A case study of ERP implementation in Mesfine industrial engineering Pvt. Ltd.Procedia Technology,5, pp.40-49. Bernaert, M., Poels, G., Snoeck, M., De Backer, M. (2014). Enterprise architecture for small and medium-sized enterprises: a starting point for bringing EA to SMEs, based on adoption models. InInformation Systems for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises(pp. 67-96). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Chung, S. H., Ahmad, S. I., and Tang, H. L. (2015). Symptoms, causes and remedies for failures in enterprise systems implementation.International Journal of Business Information Systems,19(1), 103-118. Conteh, N. Y., and Akhtar, M. J. (2015). Implementation challenges of an enterprise system and its advantages over legacy systems.International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering,7(11), 120. Cereola, S. J., Wier, B., Norman, C. S. (2012). Impact of top management team on firm performance in small and medium-sized enterprises adopting commercial open-source enterprise resource planning.Behaviour Information Technology,31(9), 889-907. Davis, A. (2005). ERP Customization Impacts on Strategic Alignment and Systems Alignment.SAIS Proceedings of the Southern Association of IS (SAIS),45. Dittrich, Y., Vaucouleur, S., and Giff, S. (2009). ERP customization as software engineering: knowledge sharing and cooperation.IEEE software,26(6). Kumar, V., Maheshwari, B., and Kumar, U. (2003). An investigation of critical management issues in ERP implementation: emperical evidence from Canadian organizations.Technovation,23(10), 793-807. Light, B. (2001). The maintenance implications of the customization of ERP software.Journal of Software: Evolution and Process,13(6), 415-429. Malaurent, J. and Avison, D., 2015. From an apparent failure to a success story: ERP in ChinaPost implementation.International Journal of Information Management,35(5), pp.643-646. Mekawie, S., Elragal, A. (2013). ERP and SCM Integration: The Impact on Measuring Business Performance.International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems (IJEIS),9(2), 106-124. McAlary, S. (1999). Three pitfalls in ERP implementation.Strategy Leadership,27(6), 49. Murray, M., and Coffin, G. (2001). A case study analysis of factors for success in ERP system implementations.AMCIS 2001 Proceedings, 196. Powell, D., Riezebos, J., Strandhagen, J. O. (2013). Lean production and ERP systems in small-and medium-sized enterprises: ERP support for pull production.International Journal of Production Research,51(2), 395-409. Sar, A., and Garg, P. (2012). Analysis of critical failure factors in ERP implementation: an Indian experience.International Journal of Business Information Systems,11(3), 360-378. Soh, C., and Sia, S. K. (2004). An institutional perspective on sources of ERP packageorganisation misalignments.The Journal of Strategic Information Systems,13(4), 375-397. Su, Y. F., Yang, C. (2010). A structural equation model for analyzing the impact of ERP on SCM.Expert Systems with Applications,37(1), 456-469. Vieru, D. (2015). Towards a multi-dimensional model of digital competence in small and medium-sized enterprises. Wong, A., Scarbrough, H., Chau, P., Davison, R. (2005). Critical failure factors in ERP implementation.Pacis 2005 Proceedings, 40.

Bartoleme de Las Casas A Viewpoint of Spanish American Col essays

Bartoleme de Las Casas A Viewpoint of Spanish American Col essays Bartoleme de Las Casas gives an account of the effects of Spanish subjugation of the mainland and islands that comprise the Indies in the forty-nine years that Spanish settlers arrived in Hispaniola. He could have called his account How to Depopulate in Less than 50 Years. He describes the native populations in a detailed and sympathetic account, which serves as a dramatic backdrop to his description of their treatment by the Spanish, which led to their eradication. Las Casas, by his own account and from opinions of sympathetic secular Spanish and missionaries, paints a picture of a native population unable to defend itself against violence because of their nature and their way of life. He says they are obedient and faithful to their new Spanish masters and to the Catholic faith which many do not object converting to. He counts among their many virtues humility, peacefulness, intelligence, friendliness, and openness to the Catholic faith. Their way of life is very simple and is not motivated by power or wealth. Their food, lodging, and Onto this backdrop of admiration and sympathy, Las Casas describes the ravages by the Spanish oppressors to the native population that eventually destroyed them. He branded them beasts using terror, torture, and death. Las Casas must have seen the oppressors defiling and contradicting the instructions given by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain in 1493 to Christopher Columbus on his second voyage to the Indies. Of utmost importance was the conversion of the population to Catholicism and teaching them Spanish to facilitate teaching. Their deaths through war, execution, disease, torture, and harsh treatment during enslavement meant that millions died before conversion, and, to the Spanish thinking, were beyond redemption because they died heathens. In addition, the instructions warned Columbus to scrutinize the Spani ...

Wiley Post and Will Rogers Killed in Plane Crash

Wiley Post and Will Rogers Killed in Plane Crash On August 15, 1935, famous aviator Wiley Post and popular humorist Will Rogers were flying together in a Lockheed hybrid airplane when they crashed just 15 miles outside of Point Barrow, Alaska. The engine had stalled just after take-off, causing the plane to nose-dive and crash into a lagoon. Both Post and Rogers died instantly. The death of these two great men, who had brought hope and lightheartedness during the dark days of the Great Depression, was a shocking loss to the nation. Who Was Wiley Post? Wiley Post and Will Rogers were two men from Oklahoma (well, Post had been born in Texas but then moved to Oklahoma as a young boy), who broke free from their ordinary backgrounds and became beloved figures of their time. Wiley Post was a moody, determined man who had started life out on a farm but dreamed of flying. After a brief stint in the army and then in jail, Post spent his free time as a parachutist for a flying circus. Surprisingly, it wasn’t the flying circus that cost him his left eye; instead, it was an accident at his day job- working at an oil field. The financial settlement from this accident allowed Post to buy his first aircraft. Despite missing an eye, Wiley Post became an exceptional pilot. In 1931, Post and his navigator, Harold Gatty, flew Posts trusty Winnie Mae around the world in just under nine days- breaking the previous record by nearly two weeks. This feat made Wiley Post famous around the world. In 1933, Post flew around the world again. This time not only did he do it solo, he also broke his own record. Following these amazing journeys, Wiley Post decided to take to the skies- high in the sky. Post flew at high altitudes, pioneering the world’s first pressure suit to do so (Posts’ suit eventually became the basis for spacesuits). Who Was Will Rogers? Will Rogers was generally a more grounded, genial fellow. Rogers received his down-to-earth beginnings on his family ranch. It was here that Rogers learned the skills he needed to become a trick roper. Leaving the farm to work on vaudeville and then later in movies, Rogers became a popular cowboy figure. Rogers, however, became most famous for his writing. As a syndicated columnist for The New York Times, Rogers used folk wisdom and earthy banter to comment on the world around him.  Many of Will Rogers’ witticism are remembered and oft-quoted to this day. The Decision to Fly to Alaska Besides both being famous, Wiley Post and Will Rogers seemed like very different people. And yet, the two men had long been friends. Back in the day before Post was famous, he would give individuals rides here or there in his airplane. It was during one of these rides that Post met Rogers. It was this friendship that led to their fateful flight together. Wiley Post was planning an investigative tour of Alaska and Russia to see about creating a mail/passenger route from the United States to Russia. He was originally going to take his wife, Mae, and aviatrix Faye Gillis Wells; however, at the last minute, Wells dropped out. As a replacement, Post asked Rogers to join (and help fund) the trip. Rogers agreed and was very excited about the trip. So excited, in fact, that Posts’ wife decided not to join the two men on the excursion, opting to go back home to Oklahoma rather than endure the harsh camping and hunting trips the two men had planned. The Plane Was too Heavy Wiley Post had used his old, but trusty Winnie Mae for both his round-the-world trips. However, Winnie Mae was now outdated and so Post needed a new aircraft for his Alaska-Russia venture. Struggling for funds, Post decided to piece together a plane that would suit his needs. Starting with a fuselage from a Lockheed Orion, Post added extra-long wings from a Lockheed Explorer. He then changed out the regular engine and replaced it with a 550-horsepower Wasp engine that was 145 pounds heavier than the original. Adding an instrument panel from the Winnie Mae and a heavy Hamilton propeller, the plane was getting heavy. Then Post changed out the 160-gallon original fuel tanks and replaced them with the larger- and heavier- 260-gallon tanks. Although the plane was already getting too heavy, Post was not done with his changes. Since Alaska was still a frontier territory, there were not a lot of long stretches on which to land a regular airplane. Thus, Post wanted to add pontoons onto the plane so that they could land on rivers, lakes, and marshes. Through his Alaskan aviator friend Joe Crosson, Post had requested to borrow a pair of Edo 5300 pontoons, to be delivered to Seattle. However, when Post and Rogers arrived in Seattle, the requested pontoons had not yet arrived. Since Rogers was anxious to start the trip and Post anxious to avoid the Department of Commerce inspector, Post took a pair of pontoons off a Fokker tri-motor plane and, despite them being extra long, had them attached to the plane. The plane, which officially had no name, was quite a mismatch of parts. Red with a streak of silver, the fuselage was dwarfed by the huge pontoons. The plane was clearly too nose-heavy. This fact would lead directly to the crash. The Crash Wiley Post and Will Rogers, accompanied by supplies that included two cases of chili (one of Rogers’ favorite foods), set off for Alaska from Seattle at 9:20 am on August 6, 1935. They made a number of stops, visited friends, watched caribou, and enjoyed the scenery. Rogers also regularly typed up newspaper articles on the typewriter he brought along. After partially refueling at Fairbanks and then fully refueling at Lake Harding on August 15, Post and Rogers were headed to the very small town of Point Barrow, 510 miles away. Rogers was intrigued. He wanted to meet an elderly man named Charlie Brower. Brower had lived for 50 years at this remote location and was often called the â€Å"King of the Arctic.† It would make a perfect interview for his column. Rogers was never to meet Brower, however. During this flight, fog set in and, despite flying low to the ground, Post got lost. After circling the area, they spotted some Eskimos and decided to stop and ask for directions. After landing safely in Walakpa Bay, Post and Rogers got out of the airplane and asked Clair Okpeaha, a local sealer, for directions. Discovering that they were only 15 miles away from their destination, the two men ate the dinner offered them and chatted amiably with the locals, then got back into the plane. By this time, the engine had cooled. Everything seemed to start okay. Post taxied the plane and then lifted off. But when the plane reached about 50 feet into the air, the engine stalled. Normally, this would not necessarily be a fatal problem since planes could glide for a while and then perhaps restart. However, since this plane was so incredibly nose-heavy, the nose of the plane pointed straight down. There was no time for a restart or any other maneuver. The plane crashed back into the lagoon nose first, making a big splash, and then tilting onto its back. A small fire had started but lasted only seconds. Post was trapped under the wreckage, pinned to the engine. Rogers had been thrown clear, into the water. Both had died immediately upon impact. Okpeaha witnessed the accident and then ran to Point Barrow for help. The Aftermath Men from Point Barrow got on a motorized whale boat and headed to the crash scene. They were able to retrieve both bodies, noticing that Post’s watch was broken, stopped at 8:18 pm, while Rogers’ watch still worked. The plane, with a split fuselage and a broken right wing, had been completely destroyed. When the news of the deaths of 36-year-old Wiley Post and 55-year-old Will Rogers reached the public, there was a general outcry. Flags were lowered to half-staff, an honor usually reserved for presidents and dignitaries.  The Smithsonian Institution bought Wiley Posts Winnie Mae, which remains on display at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC. Near the crash site now sits two concrete monuments to remember the tragic accident that took the lives of two great men.

Ketchum Corp case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ketchum Corp case - Essay Example This term is knowledge generation. In this way the company is working at innovating processes related to the way that employees interact with the information intranet system in order to generate knowledge. Ketchum used a number of motivational tools to promote the intranet system throughout the company. One of these motivational tools was including employee’s sharing practices into job assessments. Another motivational tool that was implemented was employee raffles. Newsletters also recognized employee contributions, and even included a document of the month section. The specific system that has been established in the Ketchum case study is an expert system. An expert system refers to a system where human knowledge is embedded in a technological process. In this way the employee’s knowledge, including their autobiographies, constitutes a sort of expert system. The main focus that Ketchum attempts to achieve in its KM initiative is the notion of knowledge sharing. Knowledge sharing in this model functions for a variety of purposes. In addition to sharing knowledge internally, it aids the organization by limiting employee turnover and maximizing intellectual

Bauhaus Architectural Style Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bauhaus Architectural Style - Research Paper Example Besides functionality aspects, Bauhaus style favored the geometric elements of regularity and symmetry over asymmetry. As aforementioned, creation of optimal space in Bauhaus objects was achieved through cubic shapes, and occasionally pyramidal shapes. In addition, rounded corners were avoided as much as possible, as seen in Bauhaus cradle. Primarily, facades met at right angles, and auxiliary features like curvy handles were scarcely added. Technically, cradles developed in other periods like the Baroque not only occupied more space, but their facades were also irregular and asymmetrically aligned. However, facades possessed by Bauhaus items like the cradle were relatively regular. In the cradle’s image below, the front regular triangular facades corresponds to the hind triangular. Essentially, Bauhaus architectural style employed social aspect of optimal functionality, and economic principle of cost minimization in design and construction of artworks. Below is an image of th e famous Bauhaus cradle. Historically, Bauhaus was introduced and gained immense popularity during the early 20th century, specifically before the rise of Nazi Germany. However, primary features of Bauhaus architectural style are still observable in modern styles. For example, the Seagram Building in New York City is characterized by two features; a flat roof symmetrical to the building’s floors, and right-angled edges. Historically, Bauhaus was introduced and gained immense popularity during the early 20th century.

LEGISLATION IS INTRODUCED TO PROTECT UNMARRIED COHABITANTS Essay

LEGISLATION IS INTRODUCED TO PROTECT UNMARRIED COHABITANTS - Essay Example Under the Children Act 1989, an unmarried mother has the sole parental responsibility over her children however this was amended under the Adoption and Children Act 2002 where parental responsibility shall be acquired by the father if he is registered as the child’s father; there is a parental responsibility agreement; or when the court orders that he shall have parental authority upon his application.  Under the Children Act 1989, an unmarried mother has the sole parental responsibility over her children however this was amended under the Adoption and Children Act 2002 where parental responsibility shall be acquired by the father if he is registered as the child’s father; there is a parental responsibility agreement; or when the court orders that he shall have parental authority upon his application.   The legislative pronouncement protecting cohabitation may be used by couples who are prescribed by law to marry by reason of legal impediment or public policy to cir cumvent the law. A case in point is B & L v the United Kingdom where a parent-in-law is prohibited from marrying their child-in-law unless both had reached aged 21 and both their respective spouses had died. B was L’s father-in-law, and they wished to marry. L’s son treated his grandfather, B, as ‘Dad’. However, upon application to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), it was ruled that the prohibition violates the right to marry notwithstanding its laudable and legitimate aim of protecting the family and any children of the couple. The prohibition was based primarily on tradition and considering the same situation, no legal prohibition exists when the couple would engage in an extra-marital relationship.   In fine, there are enough laws to protect the interest of unmarried cohabitants. They must only be vigilant in protecting their rights and interests so that they may not be unduly deprived of their rights and interests.... Under the Children Act 1989, an unmarried mother has the sole parental responsibility over her children however this was amended under the Adoption and Children Act 2002 where parental responsibility shall be acquired by the father if he is registered as the child’s father; there is a parental responsibility agreement; or when the court orders that he shall have parental authority upon his application.  Under the Children Act 1989, an unmarried mother has the sole parental responsibility over her children however this was amended under the Adoption and Children Act 2002 where parental responsibility shall be acquired by the father if he is registered as the child’s father; there is a parental responsibility agreement; or when the court orders that he shall have parental authority upon his application.   The legislative pronouncement protecting cohabitation may be used by couples who are prescribed by law to marry by reason of legal impediment or public policy to cir cumvent the law. A case in point is B & L v the United Kingdom where a parent-in-law is prohibited from marrying their child-in-law unless both had reached aged 21 and both their respective spouses had died. B was L’s father-in-law, and they wished to marry. L’s son treated his grandfather, B, as ‘Dad’. However, upon application to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), it was ruled that the prohibition violates the right to marry notwithstanding its laudable and legitimate aim of protecting the family and any children of the couple. The prohibition was based primarily on tradition and considering the same situation, no legal prohibition exists when the couple would engage in an extra-marital relationship.   In fine, there are enough laws to protect the interest of unmarried cohabitants. They must only be vigilant in protecting their rights and interests so that they may not be unduly deprived of their rights and interests. Any legislation that would be enacted would put the cohabitation relationship at par with marriage and civil partnership is a mockery to the institutions. It would further erode marriage and civil partnership and from the growing number of couples choosing to cohabit without the benefit of marriage or civil partnership, it is marriage and civil partnership that need protection. Unmarried cohabitation should be left alone to give the parties freedom to choose but they cannot invoke protection as this is a direct assault on the institutions of marriage and civil partnership.  

Allowing Same Sex Marriage in Malaysia

Allowing Same Sex Marriage in Malaysia Marriage normally brings together men and women who complement each other in extraordinary ways (Willard and Harley, n. d.). However, there is an existence of another form of marriage which is a same-sex marriage. Same-sex marriage is legally and socially defined as marriage between two adults of the same gender identity or biological sex (Oxford Dictionaries, 2014). In the earlier century such as ancient Egypt, the marriage between two persons of same gender was encouraged (Altergott, 2012). At that time, attraction between two people with same sexuality is normal and it is considered as an action to express love. In late twentieth century, legalization of this form of marriage becomes a wide debated issue in many nations. However, there are around seventeen countries has approved the freedom to marry for same-sex couples nationwide such as Netherlands which is the first country to offer marriage equality (Pew Research Center, 2013). As of May 2014 in America, same-sex marriage has been legalized in the following states such as Massachusetts, New York, Washington and Delaware (Gay Marriage, 2014). In addition, both Vietnam and Thailand became the first Southeast Asian countries that allow and accept gay marriages but Malaysia is far from adopting the similar accepting attitude to this issue (Michelle, 2013). The issues on religious beliefs and adopted children are the common reason of opponents to affirm their stand. Despite there are some arguments that against gay marriage, there are some reasons that our country and nationwide should consider seriously on the issue of allowing gay couples the equal right of marriage. People usually condemn same-sex marriage based on their religious beliefs. However, it is morally wrong to discriminate homosexual couples solely based on their sexual orientations. In fact, eliminating the right of homosexual couples to get marriage is meant to denying the healthy relationships among gay communities. Therefore, same-sex marriage should be allowed for protecting the right of same-sex couples although there are many arguments against it. Legally allowing gay marriage in our society is able to give basic human right as well as freedom for those who have same-sex orientation based on their behavior preference. The equality principle of human rights is meant by the availability of civil marriage without discrimination to all couple (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2012). Therefore, the right to marriage should be given to everyone as long as that kind of marriage does not hurt anyone. One of the civil right is pursuing the happiness but happiness unable to be chased by homosexual communities when people denying gay marriage (Delano, 2013). In this situation, couples with same gender have no right to marry with the person they love and this is obvious that unequal right of marriage may violate their freedom. In fact, no one should have the right to choose the partner for marriage of other people because this is also morally wrong to eliminate the right of marriage for two people who feel affection for one another. Furthermore, allowing gay couples the right to marry in a legal way is able to foster true freedom of religion (Corner, 2014). Many people are not willing to accept gay marriage as they believe that this form of marriage is morally wrong in their religious belief. However, this is a violation of the true freedom that should be deserved by everyone. In the view of religion, everyone should have the right to get married with the one they love regardless of gender, race or other social category (Faith in America, n.d.). However, banning the gay marriage is actually against the natural and original principles of religious belief. People should be given the right to stay together with another one by concerning on the condition that they will contribute their true love to each other, regardless of sexuality. Therefore, it is no reason to ban the gay marriage based on the religion beliefs. Also, giving the right of marriage for same-sex couples can promote social equality. When gay marriage or same-sex union is in force, this can directly eliminate the minority discrimination towards gay and lesbian. So, this will automatically increase the societal acceptance towards this form of marriage. Based on the statistics, public support to same-sex marriage has risen 8% from the year which gay marriage was first legalized in United States (Saad, 2012). By allowing gay marriage, people will learn to accept and understand the real nature of homosexuality. Therefore, this will able to help in reducing social misunderstanding over the definition of same-gender relationship. Also, permitting gay communities the right to marriage is meant to allow them the right to deserve their dignity and respect. Since everyone has their own dignity, people should not treat gay couples unfairly but respect should be shown to them anytime to prevent them to believe that they are inferior and not worthy to be treated equally. So, this will directly reduce the social stress faced by the gay couples by showing true equality to gay couples in society. In addition, marriage equality will allow gay couples to enjoy benefits and protection legally. Everyone should be treated equal regardless sexuality. By allowing them the right of marriage, gay couples are able to access government benefits and protections of the law which is same with the heterosexual communities (Nolo Law, 2014). Additionally, marriage equality may integrate homosexual individuals into the community. This allows government to provide well protection and benefits to them in an easier way to prevent this community to be treated unfairly in society such the housing benefits and insurance protections to their partner. A strong sense of belonging of gay and lesbian to community can be built with the benefits and support given by government. This is will lead the homosexual couples to be more motivated to make contribution to the society. This is also a cornerstone to create a stable society. Allowing same-sex marriage also can reduce social misunderstanding towards this form of marriage by insisting the right concept on this issue to the people. The ideas of society which think that gay relationships are shallow and uncommitted are inaccurate. Therefore, allowing gay marriage is able to reduce such form of harm to the gay and lesbian. In fact, the unstable relationship is just like in the straight society, where such relationships will also exists but this is merely occupied the minority part within gay communities and exist primarily among the young people (Bidstrup, n.d.). As we know, the relationship will last longer and become more stable as people getting aged and becoming more mature. This natural scenario not only exists within heterosexual communities but also the homosexual communities. So, gay couples should not be denied to marry with the reason of they build shallow and uncommitted relationships all the time. Other than that, allowing gay marriage is able to overcome the problem of misunderstanding over the nature of homosexual relationship. Over the years, people always consider homosexuality as a form of deviant sexual behavior (Messerli, 2009). However, there is a statement about homosexual relationships have existed for around 600 years according to the historical evidence (Bryner, 2007). Also, people always misunderstand that sexual orientation is a choice so that gay and lesbian are able to reform their same-sex orientation to be an opposite-sex anytime they want. However, many researches were being done for proving that there is a biological causation for homosexuality. Scientists stated that the sexual orientation is congenital and unable to be altered (Law Teacher, n. d.). That means if an individual is born to be gay, they cannot made any changes on their sexual orientation. So, it is not fair to treat them in a different way as this is not their choice to be different. Permitting same-sex marriage in a legal way can also improve the health of gay, lesbian and bisexual community. In contrast, banning the same-sex marriage is able to damage the health of those who are identified as sexual minority (Schwecherl, 2013). This decrease both physical and mental related health risk in gay communities. In term of physical health, allowing gay marriage in a legal way may reduce sexually transmitted diseases by discouraging the promiscuous sex. According to the research of scientists, there is an obvious improvement of heath by legalizing same-sex marriage. This is because medical visits about physical problems among homosexual individuals has significantly decreased associated with the reduce in healthcare cost in the twelve months following the change in marriage law as compared to the twelve months before the changes made (Hatzenbuehler et.al., 2012). In addition, allowing gay marriage in a legal way may bring a lot of health benefit regarding the mental health. Since marriage allow couples to become happier they can stay together with the one they love, marriage equality should be promoted to allow the same-gender couples to pursue their happiness (Anderson, n. d.). In addition, unwed people seems less mature in thought and less concern about their discipline. This leads them to be more likely to take some unnecessary risks. So, the homosexual marriage should be promoted to allow same-sex individuals to marry as married people often consider the feeling of their partner before taking risky actions since they are committed to take care of their partner. In addition, since allowing gay marriage is able to reduce or even eliminate the social discrimination, married individuals will less likely to deal with problems of psychological health includes depression (Hatzenbuehler, et. al., 2012). Mental health among sexual minority also ca n be reduced as they can share their problem to each other and they can solve the problem together. On the other hand, there are opponents who argue that allowing same-sex marriage will destroy traditional family values in our society. They always affirm that marriage will only make sense when it happens between opposite-sex couples and allowing this form of marriage will merely alter the natural definition of marriage. Besides, opponents also have considerations about the right given for gay to marriage will directly reduce the normal rates of reproduction. They believe that gay couples are will directly affect the future reproduction level since they do not have the ability of having own children. Opponents argue that allowing same-sex marriage will increase the health risk of gay couples and the heterosexual communities as well. They think that allowing gay marriage will lead to highly promiscuous and bring many related diseases though same-sex couples demonstrate that homosexuality will not harm anyone by trying to segregate their behavior from such diseases (Slick, n.d.). Allowing gay couple the right to marriage will also help in improving their family stability. This is able to promote children well-being in many aspects (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2013). Since children represent the future of the nation, their development should be supported by the society regardless of whom they are parented by. Nowadays, there are about six millions of children are being raised or adopted in households led by gay couples in America (Gates, 2013). However, there are many of them who adopt children are prohibited to get marry legally and this leads the children who are raised by gay couples to be disadvantaged. The lacking of support for gay families denies children within these families the same protections which are afforded by children in heterosexual families. Therefore, this will mislead the children within gay families to believe that their parents are inferior who are not worthy to be treated equally in society. Also, this can avoid the family members o f gay community to be adversely affected. This is because lack of opportunity for gay couples to marry family will add family stress within it. Giving the right of marriage to gay couples can increase the social acceptance and prevent impacts caused on the health and welfare of all household members. Also, the close bond if kinship will be formed by people with a more committed relationship as they are interdependence to each other. So, this definitely will stabilize a family. Therefore, allowing gay marriage can help to support the family stability within gay communities by addressing this injustice. With deeper understanding over gay marriage, it can be known that allowing gay marriage may also bring financial gain or income to government and the society. One of the benefits in term of financial that brought to government and society is the increasing in tax revenue on marriage licenses and tax revenue on sales of wedding items (Ramos et. al., 2009). Since everyone will spend money on their wedding ceremony, this will definitely boost the domestic economic within a gay marriage legalized state. Since permitting same-sex marriage may discourage promiscuous sexual activities and decrease the sexually transmitted illness, it may also reduce the costs of organizing healthy program and campaign. As the marriage equality is able to resolve the problem of psychological health within gay communities, this will also improve their abilities and performance of job which is good for any business and employers. As we know that married couples are happier and become more optimistic and energe tic than singles, they will be more productive. Therefore, this allows them to be more concentrate in doing their works. By an indirectly way, this can improve the business competitiveness and economic conditions within our country. It is also obvious that allowing same-sex marriage does not harm the opposite-sex marriages and communities as well as the traditional family values. This is because society will continue to function well with the existence of gay marriage. There is no proximity between implementation of same sex marriage laws and rates of opposite sex marriage (Ferro, 2013). There is a research of United States recognize that there is no significant changes in rates of opposite-sex marriage as compared the rates after and before the legalization of same-sex marriage (Diebold, 2013). This means same-sex marriage does not bringing down the venerated institution of marriage. Allowing this form of marriage will not alter any previous set legal framework of the marriage institution as gay couples will accept to the same duties that are currently imposed on married opposite-sex couples (Mormons for Marriage, 2014). Apart from that, people always condemn that gay marriage is exposed at high divorce rate as the relationship between gay couples is uncommitted. In fact, divorce rates do not correlate directly with gay marriage. This is because data shows that divorce rate in the states such as Massachusetts that allow marriage equality is lower than in states that gay marriage is not recognized (Aldridge, 2012). Also, decreasing reproduction rates which always condemn by heterosexual communities towards same-sex couples is not only caused by same-sex marriage but also infertile couples. Since infertile couples are still gaining the equal right of marriage, gay marriage should not be the exception. In conclusion, same-sex marriage should be allowed and accepted by government and society since it is uncivilized and unmerited but it promotes the social equality in the way that it does not harm anyone. However, it must be controlled under strictly regulations to protect the equally welfare of both homosexual and heterosexual communities. Therefore, in order to allow the gay marriage by not affecting the other communities, governments should be take a more serious view on the legislation of this form of marriage to ensure the basic human right of everyone being protected. Educational programs should also be supported and developed to change the social view towards this issue.

Professional Wrestling :: essays research papers

Current Issues  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Professional Wrestling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When some people hear the word wrestling they think of â€Å"2 points takedown† or headgear and singlets. But most people think of the WWF, WCW, NWO, and the WolfPac. They think of names such as Hollywood Hogan, Sting, Stone Cold, Diamond Dallas Page, and Golberg. If you have been alive in today’s TV culture, you have undoubtedly heard these names.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although professional wrestling has been enjoying newfound success lately, it is not a new sport by any means. Professional Wrestling has been around since the 1800’s but it was mainly confined to barns and other small areas with people betting on the winner. These were often bloody and dangerous fights. Dangerous for the wrestlers as well as the audience as sometimes the fight would spill out into the crowd.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Professional Wrestling became more of a spectator sport in the early to mid 1900’s, but it resembled very little of what we think of Professional Wrestling today. Today, as opposed to old-time wrestling, it is just a spectator event with people cheering for a â€Å"hero† against a â€Å"vilian†. Most all matches are set up in a way that there is always one crowd favorite, and one that the crowd hates.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today Professional Wrestling is no longer a sport but a entertainment industry. The fights are rigged, the wrestling is fake, and the only thing real about wrestling is the money. Millions of dollars are generated by professional wrestling. TV contracts, t-shirts, posters, Video games, movies. These all generate enough money and interest to make professional wrestling the most watched entertainment event today. One of the reasons that wrestling has become such a powerful force in entertainment is that it has all the action of a Jackie Chan movie, all the drama of ER and all of the â€Å"eye-candy† of Baywatch.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am going to tell you some of todays biggest stars and give you a little background on them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most entertaining people in professional wrestling is current world champion Goldberg. Goldberg grew up as a doctors son in Oklahoma with his two brothers. Goldberg was even an imposing future at a young age as he was a bouncer in a bar at age 17. He went on to play college football at SEC power Georgia. As a Georgia Bulldog, Goldberg earned all-confernce honors as a nose-guard and was drafted by the Atlanta Falcons and eventually ended his career as a LA Ram. Goldberg was not done bashing skulls after he hurt his knee though. He shaved his head and got a tattoo and followed many former football players into Pro wrestling.

Analysis of “Not Waving but Drowning” by Stevie Smith

Josh Robinson Dr. Joyce Huff ENG 206 Feb 5, 2013 Not Waving but Drowning People may not always be exactly what they seem on the outside just as a poem may have a deeper meaning than the story that is just on the surface. The poem Not Waving but Drowning by Stevie Smith is a great example of this. The author does a very good job at relating the death of a man by drowning and the reaction it causes in others to the deeper story of how the man is symbolically calling out to others who never come to help him get his life together.In the beginning of the poem, the first two lines are somewhat confusing. It refers to the main character as â€Å"the dead man† but then in the next line it mentions how he is moaning. This is confusing of course because as we all know, a dead man can’t make sounds. The next sentence though, seems more straightforward at first glance but as you move farther in the poem it’s meaning might not be so obvious. In the second stanza there is a ch ange from what seems to be the dead man speaking to others talking about what he was like when he was alive.It shows how, to other people, the man seemed happy, but it also seems as though the author means to give the impression that other people think that it was this one event that caused the man to finally break down. He says in the next stanza however that â€Å"†¦it was too cold always† which I think shows that he is saying that it was not merely one event that caused him to â€Å"drown†. His entire life consisted of reaching out to others for help but he never received it. In the beginning of the second stanza I would also like to point out how the author added â€Å"Poor chap† separated with a comma.I think the commas are likely used to emphasize that label that the author puts on the man from the viewpoint of others. It, in a way, shows how others may pity this man because of how great he had it until this single event. This is ironic because if you read the poem more than once, you’ll see that in the last stanza he is essentially saying in the third line, â€Å"I was much too far out all my life†, that he was suffering not only in the his last moments but throughout his entire life.If you look at the ways that the poem is written out, it kind of helps to separate the different clues that the author gives to you. In the very first line, it uses commas to separate â€Å"the dead man†. Even though it didn’t separate any of the other instances of the author referring to the man as â€Å"dead†, I think that it is written in this way so that you will realize that it might not mean dead in the literal sense of the word but in a more symbolic sense. As though to help that idea be emphasized each time that you come across that phrase.Also, if you noticed, â€Å"And not waving but drowning† was used both at the end of the first stanza as well as the end of the last stanza. In the first stanza i t is used merely as a way to get you to recognize the importance of it when it comes around again. It is placed here with the understanding that its true meaning may not be as clear until the next time that you see it. When you see it again though, you have enough information to where you can start coming to conclusions about what the author really meant to symbolize when he said that the man was drowning.In the second stanza, â€Å"They said† is placed in a line on its own which is unusual compared to the rest of the poem. It seems as if it was put there separately to draw attention to the contrast between what others thought of this man and how he knew his life to be as well as showing the importance of both it and the line before it, which is also abnormal in the fact that it is quite a bit longer than the rest of the lines in the poem. There are many poems that say one thing but completely mean another.Not everything is black and white in poetry just as in other art forms . Some may be more difficult than others to see a different meaning behind the text but through clever uses of words, imagery, and symbols just about any poem can be examined more closely for different meanings, thoughts, or ideas that the author is trying to convey. Poems should be broken down and examined in sections. Each section may have different clues as to what the author’s underlying meaning could be. This makes understanding the poem as a whole a lot easier.I found it very helpful in this poem (and other poems), as we learned in class, to read into things more and question everything. There could be a simple object that creates a completely different meaning to the poem once you find out it’s significance. Also, finding multiple definitions or even definitions you might not know such as the word larking was very helpful. I didn’t quite know the meaning of that word, but in looking it up, I basically came up with my entire argument for what I thought the meaning of the poem was.Figuring out a poem is almost like figuring out a puzzle. The only real difference is, the pieces aren’t cut out for you. You have to look at the bigger picture and find the logical pieces to cut out and then examine them individually. When you are done looking at them and figure out how to put them back together they could very well become a completely different picture from the one that you had originally broken down into pieces.

Nazi Art Essays - German Art, Nazi Propaganda, Nazi Architecture

Nazi Art Essays - German Art, Nazi Propaganda, Nazi Architecture Nazi Art Many people know that Adolph Hitler was an artist in his youth as an Austrian, but just how much art played a role in the National Socialist Germany seems to get underrated in the history books. Just as a racial war was waged against the Jewish population and the military fought the French and the Slavic people, an artistic cleansing for the Germanic culture was in progress. Special Nazi units were searching the ancient arts of antiquity for evidence of a great Germanic race that existed well before history. Hitler had monuments and museums built on a grand scale with carefully designed architecture that would last a thousand years. Art of this nature was a priority because Hitler wanted to capture Chronos, not Gaea. He wanted to dominate the rest of time, not the limits of Earth. Hitler was born and raised in the town of Linz. As a youth he studied art, primarily as a painter capturing mostly the surrounding Alpine Mountain landscapes that he grew up with, but he also had an interest in architecture. When he turned eighteen he applied to the Vienna Art Academy, and was rejected. Along with art, Hitler was fascinated with Linz, Antiquity, and Wagner. It was at this time in his youth that Hitler and his friend, Kubicheck would try to finish an opera that Wagner had abandoned. This opera was about a leader trying to establish the Roman Empire by overthrowing the Papal government in Rome. Hitler would remember It was in that hour it all began.1 Hitler thought of Wagner and art as the basis for a new government, nation, and people. It is not just coincidence that he would be surrounded by National Socialist leaders with background in the arts. Joseph Gobbels, the Minister of Propaganda and head of the Reich Chamber of Culture, was an experienced writer and aspiring poet. Rosenberg was a painter and Von Sherot wrote poetry. Hans Frederick Munch of the Reich's Chamber of Literature said This government born out of opposition to rationalism knows the peoples inner longings and dreams, which only the artist can give them.2 Less than three months after coming to power, the Nazis issued What German artists expect of their new government in March of 1933. One of the first projects of the Nazi regime was the House of German Art (Haus der Deutschen Kunst), a large museum. Quickly the Third Reich was forming it's own style of art, as identifiable as Soviet Social- Realism, but symbolizing the national and racial policies. And while the Soviets tended to emphasize Literature, the Nazis focused on Visual art and Architecture. Nazi art was Neo- Classical with a twist of German romanticism, heroicism, and nostalgia for the times of yore.3 In the beginning there was debate on what exactly the Nazis were looking for in art. It is well known that the Third Reich was extremely hostile to Avant-Garde artists, but before the Nazis came to power, Joseph Goebbels took to the opinion that some German Expressionists were compatible with National Socialist ideas. These artists include Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Ernst Barlach, and Emil Nolde. Nolde was even a Nazi party member, but these artists could hardly be called Nazi artists. They declared nationalism and were very anti-capitalist. The Expressionists promoted sensation and passion over rational logic and were heavily into primitive German culture. Hitler, Alfred Rosenberg, and other senior Nazis attacked these modern artists as incompatible with the Nazi ideal because of there strong opposition to authoritarianism and the individualism expressed within their work.4 Albert Speer, commissioned to decorate Goebbels home would later write: I borrowed a few watercolours from ... the director of the Berlin Nationalgalerie. Goebbels and his wife were delighted with the paintings-until Hitler came to inspect, and expressed his severe disapproval. Then the minister summoned me immediately. 'The pictures will have to go at once; they're simply impossible'.5 Upon the assumption of power, almost all modern art was attacked and artists of all sorts fled the country as work was confiscated and art schools were closed. There are many reasons Hitler attacked modern art. Such groups as the Dadaists and the Bauhaus had close connections with the Soviet schools of Constructivism and Suprematism. These groups, while not necessarily Communist, were overly leftist ranging the gauntlet from Socialism to Anarchism and was extremely anti-military. Hitler also attacked the aesthetics of modern art. The Bauhaus was ultra-modern and cosmopolitan in it's designs. It's creations were seamless global industrial

Make Singing Cake (Cooking Science Project)

Make Singing Cake (Cooking Science Project) This is the recipe for a singing cake. The cake sings while baking and then it is ready to eat! Difficulty: Average Time Required: 1 hour Heres How: Preheat oven to 350F.Grease and flour an angel food cake pan.Melt the 2 squares of chocolate, set aside.In a clean bowl, beat the egg whites until stiff and set aside.Cream butter and sugar.Stir in the egg yolks.Stir in the melted chocolate.Add 1 cup raisins.Stir 2 tsp. cinnamon, 1 tsp. cloves, and 4 cups sifted flour into the mixture.Stir in 1 cup chopped nuts and 1 cup jam.Now add the baking powder to the buttermilk and quickly stir into the cake mixture.Fold in the stiffly beaten egg whites.Bake at 350 degrees until cake stops singing, about 45 minutes.Mmmm... tasty warm cake! Singing Cake Ingredients 1 cup butter2 cups brown sugar3 eggs, separated2 square bitter chocolate1 cup raisins1 cup nuts2 teaspoons  cinnamon1 teaspoon cloves1 cup strawberry jam4 cups sifted flour2 tsp baking powder1 cup buttermilk

Issues Connected with Working in Facebook Term Paper

Issues Connected with Working in Facebook - Term Paper Example Facebook is a well-known company regarding the technology sector. The well-known social networking platform provided by Facebook has become much of a success. As a company, it employs staff members to continue with the operations of the company.   The working conditions in the company with the viewpoint of an employee of a company are discussed and explained. The issues arising in the company regarding the working conditions are highlighted and explained. The culture of the company that is to be adopted by the employees is exclaimed and realized so as to determine their effects upon working as an employee on Facebook. The daily routines are elaborated along with the issues that the employees face upon a daily basis. The company’s temperament regarding the position of its employees in the company and how it treats them are explained where the culture of issues relating to the management of employees are discussed as well. Detailed analysis of the key issues highlighted in the videos is explained in the context of relevant theories and theoretical perspectives so as to determine the issues in detail and in depth. The company is constantly in operation twenty-four hours a day and seven days a week so as to provide the product to its company. Obviously, the teams work in shifts and have different routines. The company works hard for providing the users of its products with a continuing improved interface so as to attract potential users and existing stakeholders. The pressure upon the employees is intense so as to continue with the development and research regarding the perception of the users (Matthew, 2008). The interfaces designed are to facilitate the user in various manners where the access and easy operation along with the management of the parts of the product is aimed. The employees of the company are extremely focused upon improving the user interface technique and are continuously in the discussion for the issue.  

International Insecurity and the Use of Force Research Paper

International Insecurity and the Use of Force - Research Paper Example The formation of the United Nations is the most notable as it was formed soon after the end of Second World War with the main objective of promoting international peace and security. Moghaddam (2010) notes that whereas all actors acknowledge the essence of international security and the importance of avoiding international insecurity, they have not agreed fully on how to achieve this noble endeavour. There is a section of international actors that argue that force should not be used at all in the pursuit of international security, or addressing international insecurity for that matter. On the other hand, there are those who argue that use of force is necessary in addressing international security. This paper focuses on international insecurity and the use of force in an attempt to understand how these two aspects are conceptualized. Influence Decisions and actions in the international arena do not occur in a vacuum; instead, they are influenced by transnational actors, public opinion s, the media, and the interest groups. This is evidenced by how these actors have influenced the use of force (or lack of its use) in addressing international insecurity, for example in the case of the United States’ invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan (Chakravorty and Neti, 2009). Events such as the Hezbollah’s attacks targeting the Israeli Embassy in Argentina, the September 11, 2001 attacks targeting symbolic locations in the United States, and the series of crises in recent times in Syria and Libya bear all the features of international insecurity. What is of more interest in this paper is how they should be responded to: should force be used or alternatives to use of force are used? Transnational actors have greatly influenced the use of force in addressing international insecurity. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is the most notable transnational actor which has influenced the use of force in tackling the international insecurity (Yost, 2007). It was part of the United States invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan, and most recently played a key role in ousting the Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi. However, other transnational actors such the UN Security Council have discouraged the use of force and have been advocating for the use of diplomacy (Yost, 2007). Most of the interest groups have also been against the use of force in addressing the international insecurity; for example, the American Conservative Union and Human Rights Watch have been against the use of force and argue that such use of force often lead to death of innocent people especially women and children. There has been divided public opinions regarding the use of force as a means of addressing international insecurity; there are those who are totally against it while others (especially the victims of international insecurity) consider use of force as the best strategy to tackle international insecurity (Ersen and O?zen, 2010). Just like is the case with the public opinion, med ia is divided on whether force should be used as a means of solving the problem of international security. Expected Utility Theory It is no doubt that the question of whether force should be used in addressing international insecurity is a â€Å"hot† one with opinions divided in the centre with those against it on one side and those for it on the other. Expected utility theory can be very critical in helping